![]() ![]() The boron-10 does not just become stable boron-11. When this happens, the outcome is not what you'd expect. If we take some regular atoms of boron-10 (five protons, five neutrons), and expose this boron to a field of slow-moving neutrons, some of the boron atoms will absorb a neutron. This is done by taking advantage of certain properties of various atoms. There are plenty of these radioactive materials naturally present on the Earth, which is how these radiations were discovered.Īnother way to produce alpha particles is to "force" an atom to emit one. Lighter radioactive elements go through other types of transitions to become stable. Only relatively "heavy" atoms - like bismuth - can go through alpha decay. ![]() It will decay again (but not by alpha decay), this time becoming a completely stable atom of lead. Now, this thallium is more stable, but is also radioactive. ![]() Since it lost two protons and two neutrons, the old bismuth atom is now an atom of thallium-206. The alpha particle is the radiation given off during the process of " alpha decay". ![]() In this transition, it spits out a piece of itself (the alpha particle), and becomes more stable. There are only certain ways it can do this. The atom will eventually spontaneously change or "decay", to become more stable. But if we were to add one more neutron to this atom, and make it bismuth-210, it would now be unstable, or radioactive. For example, in a stable bismuth atom there are 83 protons and 126 neutrons. Certain combinations of neutrons and protons in a nucleus are stable. This process can be thought of as follows. To describe the production of alpha particles, we have to define radioactive decay. Alpha particles are a type of ionizing radiation. In fact, an alpha particle really is a nucleus - it's the same as the nucleus of a common atom of helium - but it doesn't have any electrons around it, and it's traveling very fast. An alpha particle is made up of two protons and two neutrons, all held together by the same strong nuclear force that binds the nucleus of any atom. Early researchers tended to refer to any form of energetic radiation as rays, and the term is still used. High LET Radiation Biology for mammalian cells, microbes and plant cells.What are alpha rays? How are they produced?Īlpha "rays" are actually high speed particles.Note: Procurement of source and requisite permissions for the same will be user’s responsibility. Manpower: 2 Turner, 2 Fitter, 1 Miller, 1 Electronics Technican.Space Required: Space occupied by instrument with stand (L x W x H): 1000x1000X2000 (mm).Milling Machine: XYZ Travel minimum 400x400x400mm.Power supply for Shutter - Input supply: 230 V AC,50 Hz, Output supply: 12 or 24 V DC.Shutter should not contain any glass or lens.It should remain open for the time set in the controller.Closed in 'Off' position and when not required.Material : Aluminum or SS if machined or any Plastic suitable for 3D printing.Honeycomb structure, 68mm x 55mm, 3mm thick with holes (1 mm diameter) at regular intervals and 2 mm pitch.Collimator: Aluminum sheet perforated (1 mm diameter).Store/save of experimental information like user name, sample details, exposure time, source/collimator speed etc.High-precision electronic shutter control through computer to irradiate samples 1 sec to 99 min.241 Am source housed inside lucite chamber, which is flushed with helium to minimize the attenuation of loss of alpha energy.Variable speed of source and collimator movement with independent control.Uniform and collimated exposure of alpha radiation to cells in culture condition.Computer controlled automated mechanical system.However, in principle, the system can be used to irradiate any material/samples (biological/non-biological) placed in a layer (thickness range should be below the penetration of alpha particles in the sample) with defined time/dose of alpha radiation The system is designed to irradiate adherent mammalian cell cultures. A special assembly is required for alpha irradiation of biological samples due to very low range of alpha travel in air and samples need to be irradiated only at atmospheric/physiological conditions.Ī controlled, collimated and uniform alpha irradiation can be achieved using Bio-alpha due to its innovative design. Automated Alpha Particle Irradiator- BioalphaĪUTOMATED ALPHA PARTICLE IRRADIATOR- BIOALPHAīIOALPHA is the first indigenous computer controlled Alpha Particle Irradiator for alpha irradiation of biological/non-biological samples. ![]()
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